A study Swanson et al. confirmed improved gut microbiota profiles and reduced faecal putrefactive fermentation products in adult dogs receiving MOS alongside FOS.

Kore et al. investigated chicory root powder as a prebiotic in 16 Labrador pups across four dose groups. Chicory supplementation increased faecal bifidobacteria and lactobacilli while reducing clostridia and coliforms. Short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, butyrate) were elevated alongside reduced faecal pH, indicating active hindgut fermentation.

Leib's retrospective review of 37 dogs with chronic large-bowel diarrhoea found that a highly digestible diet incorporating psyllium husk produced excellent clinical outcomes in the majority of cases. This was further supported by Alves et al., whose study of police working dogs with chronic intermittent or persistent diarrhoea found that 90% of animals achieved consistently formed stools during the month of psyllium husk supplementation — concluding it to be a valuable tool for improving both stool consistency and weight management.

Gupta et al. conducted a comprehensive review of curcumin's therapeutic roles across clinical trials in humans, finding that curcumin modulates multiple signalling molecules associated with inflammation, including NF-κB, cyclooxygenase-2, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Further, Shoba et al. demonstrated a 2000% increase in curcumin bioavailability with piperine co-administration in humans.

Zhang et al. showed research into seaweed extract (SWE) as a prebiotic source in dogs demonstrates promising results. Seaweed is rich in plant polysaccharides which stimulate SCFA production in the large intestine — a key marker of a healthy gut microbiome. In dogs with loose stools, dietary SWE supplementation was found to improve antioxidant capacity, support the intestinal barrier, and alleviate loose stools, attributed to beneficial regulation of SCFA-producing gut microbiota.